How to Configure/Backup/Restore Cisco IOS Image in Router Using RAM, NVRAM and TFTP
Router Configuration Files are located in one of three places
RAM, (Configuration File stored here)NVRAM and
External Server (FTP,HTTP,TFTP, SCP)
Saving Configuration Files from RAM to NVRAM
Step1 :- copy running-config|startup-config flash:file_name
Backup your configuration to an external server
Step2 :- copy running-config URL_location
examplge :- copy running-config tftp://192.168.1.10/mybackupfile.txt
Step3 :- copy running-config tftp
If the filename already exists on the server, the server overwrites the old file. After entering this information, you should see bang symbols (!) indicating the successful transfer of UDP segments to the TFTP server. If you see periods (.), this indicates an unsuccessful transfer. Plus, upon a successful transfer, you should also see how many bytes were copied to the server.
examplge :- copy running-config tftp://192.168.1.10/mybackupfile.txt
Step3 :- copy running-config tftp
If the filename already exists on the server, the server overwrites the old file. After entering this information, you should see bang symbols (!) indicating the successful transfer of UDP segments to the TFTP server. If you see periods (.), this indicates an unsuccessful transfer. Plus, upon a successful transfer, you should also see how many bytes were copied to the server.
Restoring Configuration Files
Step4 :- copy URL_location running-config|startup-config
example :- copy tftp startup-config (TFTP server to NVRAM)
Step4 :- copy tftp running-config (TFTP server to Active Memory)
example :- copy tftp startup-config (TFTP server to NVRAM)
Step4 :- copy tftp running-config (TFTP server to Active Memory)
Restoring Configuration From NVRAM to RAM with this command
Step5 :- copy startup-config running-config (From NVRAM)
Step5 :- copy flash:file_name running-config|startup-config (From flash)
The copy command backs up and restores configuration files: copy running-config startup-config and copy running-config tftp back up the configuration file.
The copy startup-config running-config and copy tftp running-config or copy tftp startup-config commands restore the configuration file.
The erase startup-config command deletes the configuration file.
Step5 :- copy flash:file_name running-config|startup-config (From flash)
The copy command backs up and restores configuration files: copy running-config startup-config and copy running-config tftp back up the configuration file.
The copy startup-config running-config and copy tftp running-config or copy tftp startup-config commands restore the configuration file.
The erase startup-config command deletes the configuration file.
For delete your configuration file
Step6 :- erase startup-config|nvram
or write erase
or write erase
To verify deleted file
Step7 :- show startup-config
Configuration Nomenclature (IFS) IOS File System
Step8 :- more system:running-config (To view the active configuration)
Step8 :- delete flash:file_name (delete a file in flash)
Step8 :- delete flash:file_name (delete a file in flash)
Overview of IOS Process When Dealing with Configuration Files
To View IOS Image Files
Step9 :- show flash
or dir (additional command)
Step10 :- show version (how much flash you have installed on your IOS device)
Example :- c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-6.T7.bin
c1841 refers to the name of the platform on which the image will run.
advipservicesk9 refers to the features included in this IOS version,
mz or z means that the image is compressed and must be uncompressed before loading/running.
124-6.T7 indicates the software version number of the IOS.
and .bin at the end indicates that this is a binary image.
or dir (additional command)
Step10 :- show version (how much flash you have installed on your IOS device)
Example :- c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-6.T7.bin
c1841 refers to the name of the platform on which the image will run.
advipservicesk9 refers to the features included in this IOS version,
mz or z means that the image is compressed and must be uncompressed before loading/running.
124-6.T7 indicates the software version number of the IOS.
and .bin at the end indicates that this is a binary image.
Backing Up an IOS Image
Step11 :- copy flash tftp (tftp is URL)
Loading an IOS Image
Step12 :- copy tftp flash
Reboot your Router in two ways
turn it off and back on, or use the Privilege EXEC reload command.
The first method is a hard reboot, and the second one is a soft reboot.
Caution : If you place an incorrect image on your router—for instance, a 3600 series image on a 2800 series router—the router will not boot up. You’ll need to break into ROMMON mode and either do a TFTP boot or boot from the Mini-IOS in ROM (if this exists).
Example : copy tftp://192.168.101.66/iosimage.bin flash
Reboot your Router in two ways
turn it off and back on, or use the Privilege EXEC reload command.
The first method is a hard reboot, and the second one is a soft reboot.
Caution : If you place an incorrect image on your router—for instance, a 3600 series image on a 2800 series router—the router will not boot up. You’ll need to break into ROMMON mode and either do a TFTP boot or boot from the Mini-IOS in ROM (if this exists).
Example : copy tftp://192.168.101.66/iosimage.bin flash
Remote Access to Your IOS Device
SSH Configuration
Step13 :- username itcloudnet secret password@123
Step14 :- hostname cloudnetwork
Step15 :- ip domain-name itcloudnet.blogspt.com
Step16 :- ip ssh version 2
Step17 :- line vty 0 15
Step18 :- login local
Step19 :- transport input ssh
Step20 :- exit
Step13 :- username itcloudnet secret password@123
Step14 :- hostname cloudnetwork
Step15 :- ip domain-name itcloudnet.blogspt.com
Step16 :- ip ssh version 2
Step17 :- line vty 0 15
Step18 :- login local
Step19 :- transport input ssh
Step20 :- exit
Local ARP Table
Step21 :- show ip arp
CDP Configuration
Step22 :- [no] cdp run
Step23 :- interface type (for enable or disable)
Step24 :- [no] cdp
Step25 :- show cdp (cdp status)
Step26 :- show cdp interface
Step27 :- show cdp neighbors
Step28 :- show cdp neighbors detail
Step29 :- show cdp traffic
Step23 :- interface type (for enable or disable)
Step24 :- [no] cdp
Step25 :- show cdp (cdp status)
Step26 :- show cdp interface
Step27 :- show cdp neighbors
Step28 :- show cdp neighbors detail
Step29 :- show cdp traffic
Using Ping
Step30 :- ping destination_IP_address_or_host_name
or ping (additional command)
example : ping 192.168.1.10
or ping (additional command)
example : ping 192.168.1.10
Using Traceroute
Step31 :- traceroute destination_IP_address_or_host_name
or traceroute (extended traceroute command)
example : traceroute 65.32.13.30
or traceroute (extended traceroute command)
example : traceroute 65.32.13.30
Using Telnet
Step32 :- name_of_the_destination | destination_IP_address
or telnet name_of_the_destination | destination_IP_address
or connect name_of_the_destination | destination_IP_address
example : resume connection_# (connection_# should be enter Conn Name of coloum)
disconnect connection_# (connection_# should be enter Conn Name of coloum)
clear line line_# (If you see a * in the first column, this indicates your current session. If you want to terminate someone’s session, use the Privilege EXEC clear line command)
Debug
Step33 :- no debug allor undebug all
service timestamps debug datetime msec
SELF TEST
The following Self Test questions will help you measure your understanding of the material presented in this chapter. Read all the choices carefully, as there may be more than one correct answer. Choose all correct answers for each question.Router Configuration Files
1. Which router commands perform an overwrite process? (choose two)
A. copy running-config startup-config
B. copy startup-config running-config
C. copy tftp running-config
D. copy running-config tftp
2. Enter the router command to delete your configuration file in NVRAM:__________.
3. You have executed the show startup-config command and see the following message: “%%Non-volatile configuration memory is not present”. Which of the following answers are correct about these two things? (choose two)
A. This command displays the running configuration in NVRAM.
B. This command displays the saved configuration in NVRAM.
C. This command displays the saved configuration in flash.
D. The message indicates that flash needs to be reformatted.
E. This message indicates that NVRAM needs to be reformatted.
F. This message indicates that there is nothing stored in this memory location.
IOS Image Files
4. When backing up your IOS image from flash, which of the following will the copy flash tftp command prompt you for? (choose three)
A. TFTP server IP address
B. Verification to copy
C. Source filename
D. Destination filename
5. What IOS command will display the version of software your device is running?
A. show startup-config
B. show flash
C. show version
D. dir and show version
Remote Access to Your IOS Device
6. Enter the IOS configuration on the first five VTYs to allow only SSH access and to prompt for both a username and password for line authentication:___________________.
7. Enter the IOS command that will create RSA public and private keys to encrypt and decrypt traffic for an SSH session:__________.
Basic Troubleshooting
8. Which of the following is true of CDP?
A. The show cdp neighbor command displays what version of software the neighbor is running.
B. The no cdp run command disables CDP on an interface.
C. CDP sends out broadcasts every 60 seconds.
D. CDP can be used to validate layer 2 connectivity.
9. Which router command would you use to test only layer 3 connectivity?
A. telnet
B. show cdp traffic
C. show interfaces
D. traceroute
10. How would you suspend a telnet session?
A. CTRL-SHIFT-X, 6
B. CTRL-SHIFT-6, X
C. CTRL-6, X
D. CTRL-C
